{"id":2971,"date":"2026-09-04T17:31:13","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T09:31:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/soilimprovementsz.com\/?p=2971"},"modified":"2026-09-04T17:31:13","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T09:31:13","slug":"soft-ground-improvement%ef%bd%9cfull-standard-construction-procedures-of-vacuum-preloading","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soilimprovementsz.com\/fr\/soft-ground-improvement%ef%bd%9cfull-standard-construction-procedures-of-vacuum-preloading\/","title":{"rendered":"Am\u00e9lioration du sol mou\uff5cProc\u00e9dures de construction standard compl\u00e8tes de la pr\u00e9charge par vide"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Les projets d'am\u00e9lioration des sols mous sur site d\u00e9pendent fortement de flux de travail standardis\u00e9s. Ce document organise la s\u00e9quence compl\u00e8te de construction du pr\u00e9chargement par vide, couvrant la pr\u00e9paration avant la construction jusqu'\u00e0 l'acceptation de la r\u00e9ception. Il sert de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pratique pour le personnel technique et la gestion de la construction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00e9quence de construction globale :<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9gagement du site et nivellement \u2192 Lev\u00e9 topographique et implantation \u2192 Installation de drains verticaux pr\u00e9fabriqu\u00e9s \u2192 Pose du r\u00e9seau de drainage horizontal \u2192 Construction du syst\u00e8me d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 \u2192 Installation et mise en service de l'\u00e9quipement \u2192 Pompage par vide et stabilisation de la pression \u2192 Surveillance du processus complet \u2192 D\u00e9chargement et r\u00e9ception<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 1 : D\u00e9gagement du site et nivellement<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enlevez les mauvaises herbes, la boue et les d\u00e9bris de construction du site. Nivelez le sol et \u00e9liminez les protrusions et d\u00e9pressions. Emp\u00eachez les objets tranchants de percer la membrane d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 et fournissez une base plane pour les op\u00e9rations suivantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 2 : Lev\u00e9 topographique et implantation<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9alisez un agencement pr\u00e9cis selon les plans de conception. Marquez les positions d'installation des drains verticaux pr\u00e9fabriqu\u00e9s, les trac\u00e9s des pipelines de drainage et les limites des zones d'am\u00e9lioration. D\u00e9finissez des rep\u00e8res clairs pour assurer que l'espacement et la profondeur respectent les sp\u00e9cifications de conception.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 3 : Installation de drains verticaux pr\u00e9fabriqu\u00e9s<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Utilisez des machines sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es pour l'insertion des drains pour le positionnement et l'installation. Contr\u00f4lez strictement la profondeur d'installation, la verticalit\u00e9 et l'espacement. \u00c9vitez la r\u00e9traction, la rupture ou le d\u00e9calage des drains. Coupez et fixez les drains une fois termin\u00e9s pour garantir des canaux de drainage d\u00e9gag\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 4 : Pose du r\u00e9seau de drainage horizontal<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posez des tuyaux filtrants flexibles et des r\u00e9seaux de tuyaux principaux et secondaires. Connectez pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les drains verticaux aux tuyaux de branchement. Arrangez les pipelines de mani\u00e8re uniforme avec des pentes raisonnables, sans coudes ni blocages, pour former un syst\u00e8me de drainage enti\u00e8rement connect\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 5 : Construction du syst\u00e8me d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posez le g\u00e9otextile de base pour prot\u00e9ger le syst\u00e8me de drainage, suivi de membranes d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 multicouches. Soudez solidement les joints de membrane par fusion thermique. Encastrez les bords de la membrane dans des tranch\u00e9es d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 et compactez pour une fermeture \u00e9tanche afin d'\u00e9liminer les points de fuite d'air.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 6 : Installation et mise en service de l'\u00e9quipement<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Installez les pompes \u00e0 vide, les s\u00e9parateurs eau-gaz et les instruments de surveillance. Connectez les syst\u00e8mes de pipelines et inspectez minutieusement les circuits et la performance d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9. Effectuez une mise en service \u00e0 vide sans charge pour v\u00e9rifier le fonctionnement normal de l'\u00e9quipement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 7 : Pompage continu par vide et stabilisation de la pression<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9marrez le pompage par vide officiel et augmentez progressivement la pression de vide. Maintenez une pression n\u00e9gative stable sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 80\u202fkPa avec une op\u00e9ration continue ; \u00e9vitez les arr\u00eats arbitraires. Prenez des mesures de protection appropri\u00e9es sur le site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 8 : Surveillance et contr\u00f4le du processus complet<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Surveillez en continu la pression de vide sous les membranes, le tassement de la surface, la pression interstitielle et le d\u00e9placement horizontal du sol. Enregistrez les donn\u00e9es quotidiennes et ajustez les conditions de construction en fonction des r\u00e9sultats de la surveillance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tape 9 : D\u00e9chargement et Acceptation<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9charger et arr\u00eater l'\u00e9quipement lorsque le degr\u00e9 de consolidation, le tassement et la capacit\u00e9 portante r\u00e9pondent aux exigences de conception et restent stables pendant plus de sept jours. D\u00e9manteler les installations, compiler la documentation et compl\u00e9ter l'acceptation de fin de travaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La pr\u00e9charge par vide est une technique courante pour l'am\u00e9lioration des sols mous de grande superficie. Chaque \u00e9tape de travail d\u00e9termine directement la performance du renforcement. La mise en \u0153uvre stricte de flux de travail standardis\u00e9s et le contr\u00f4le rigoureux du drainage, de l'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9, de la pompage \u00e0 vide et de la surveillance peuvent r\u00e9duire efficacement les risques de qualit\u00e9 et garantir que le renforcement des sols mous r\u00e9pond aux attentes de conception.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Source : <\/strong>Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'ing\u00e9nierie des fondations Sunzo de Guangzhou.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suivez SUNZO pour des mises \u00e0 jour continues sur la connaissance de l'am\u00e9lioration des sols mous, les techniques de construction, l'interpr\u00e9tation des nouvelles technologies et des \u00e9tudes de cas en ing\u00e9nierie !<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On-site soft-ground improvement projects rely heavily on standardized workflows. This document sorts out the complete construction sequence of vacuum preloading, 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